Time Value of Money Calculator
Solve for PV, FV, PMT, NPER, or RATE - the fundamental TVM calculations
Calculate the future value of current investment
Known Values
Current lump sum or loan amount
Periodic payment amount (use 0 if not applicable)
Result
Enter known values and click Calculate
Result will appear here
Time Value of Money Concepts
Present Value (PV)
The current value of future cash flows discounted at the interest rate. Used to determine how much you need to invest today to reach a future goal, or to value investment opportunities. PV is the foundation of investment analysis.
Future Value (FV)
The value of current investment or series of payments at a future date, assuming compound growth. Used for retirement planning, savings goals, and understanding investment growth. Accounts for compound interest over time.
Payment (PMT)
The periodic payment amount for loans or investments. Used to calculate loan payments, required savings amounts, or annuity payments. Assumes payments occur at regular intervals throughout the period.
Number of Periods (NPER)
The time required to achieve financial goals given a specific payment amount and interest rate. Useful for determining how long it will take to pay off debt or reach savings targets. Remember to consider the payment frequency.
Interest Rate (RATE)
The return rate required to achieve specific financial goals. Use this to evaluate investment opportunities or determine if savings goals are realistic. The calculated rate is often compared to market rates to assess feasibility.
Sign Convention
In TVM calculations, cash outflows (investments, loan principals) are typically negative, while cash inflows (returns, payments received) are positive. This calculator uses absolute values for clarity, but understanding sign conventions is important for financial calculators.